100% credit to Dr. Jeff Smith The following is my "working" list of genetic traits in violets. Dominant to Recessive Blue Flowers All Flower colors Red Flowers Pink or white flowers Purple Flowers Lilac flowes Non-white flowers White flowers non-coral shades all coral colors Coral Red Coral Pink Geneva Edges Solid Edges Fringed/Ruffled Plain flower edges Raspberry Edges Solid Edges Dogwood Dots Solid flowers Fantasy Flowers non-Fantasy Flowers Double Flowers non-Double Flowers Semi-Double Flowers Single Flowers Violet or Pansy shape Star shaped flowers Pale shades Dark shades Bluing Factor in color non-bluing factor in color Girl Foliage Regular or Boy Foliage Ruffled Foliage Plain Foliage Holly Foliage Plain Foliage Longifolia shape non-longifolia shape Plain Foliage Spooned Foliage Bustled Foliage Plain Foliage Red Leaf Backing Green or Silver Backing also: Wasp Flowers Non-wasp flowers Plain Foliage Mosaic Variegation Red Stems(petioles) Green stems The only traits that are clearly carried by the seed parent only are crown and Tommie Lou Variegation. Mosaic Variegation can only be expressed when inherited from the seed parent, but the pollen parent must contribute a genetic recessive to give visible variegation. Ruffled/fringed flowers are linked with ruffled foliage. Raspberry edged flowers can only be expressed in red/pink/coral/lavender. This marking cannot be expressed as true blue/purple pigment. Trailing habit is best treated as a recessive to non-trailing. Plant size appears to be controlled by polygenes. The best way to get miniatures is to use miniature parents. A standard parent may carry the recessives for miniature, but you can't always depend on this (unless you know the parentage of the standard) and get miniatures in the next generation. The appressed leaf hair trait (as seen in S. magungensis and others) is a genetic dominant to errect leaf hairs (as seen in most cultivars). Dr. Jeff Smith 06jlsmith@bsuvc.bsu.edu